Evolution of Computers

Objective Type Questions

Fill in the blanks with the correct words:

1. The Abacus was probably the first calculating device.
2. The first-generation computers used Vacuum Tubes as their main component.
3. In the second-generation computers, the Transistors were used for the first time.
4. The COBOL language came into use in the Second generation computers.
5. Fifth generation computing also involves artificial intelligence.

State whether True or False:

1. Learning calculations using an abacus is believed to improve concentration and memory skills. (TRUE)
2. The second-generation computers were bigger in size than the first-generation computers. (FALSE)
3. The IBM 360 series is an example of the third-generation computers. (TRUE)
4. The keyboard and the monitor were first used in the second-generation computers. (FALSE)
5. Computers lack the ability to make decisions. (TRUE)

Choose the correct option:

1. Mark I was designed by:
   a. John Presper Eckert
   b. Howard H. Aiken
   c. M. Wilkes
   d. None of these
2. The first electronic computer that used stored programs was:
   a. EDSAC
   b. ENIAC
   c. EDVAC
   d. None of these
3. The UNIVAC I was developed in the year:
   a. 1951
   b. 1941
   c. 1931
   d. None of these
4. The third-generation computers used:
   a. Microprocessors
   b. Vacuum tubes
   c. Integrated Circuits
   d. None of these
5. Which of the following is an example of a supercomputer?
   a. CRAY CS300
   b. IBM 1401
   c. RCA 501
   d. None of these

Descriptive Type Questions

Answer the following:

1. Write any two limitations of the first-generation computers.
   Following were the two limitations of the first-generation computers:
   a. Their operating speed was quite low.
   b. Their power consumption was very high.
2. Give full forms of ENIAC and UNIVAC.
   ENIAC – Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer.
   UNIVAC – Universal Automatic Computer.
3. Mention any two features of the second-generation computers.
   Following were the two features of the second-generation computers:
   a. Transistors were used as the main component.
   b. They were more reliable than the first-generation computers.
4. Give two examples of the fourth-generation computers.
   IBM PC and Apple Macintosh are the two examples of the fourth-generation computers.
5. What are microprocessors? How have they benefited modern computers?
   Microprocessors are a type of VLSIC (Very Large Scale Integrated Circuits), which contain all the components of the CPU on a single chip.
   Microprocessors have benefited modern computers by reducing their size and increasing their efficiency.